Naveen L. Pereira, MD @nl_pereira @MayoClinic @MayoClinicCV #ACC21 #CoronaryPharmacotherapy #Cardiology #Research Eff...

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Naveen L. Pereira, MD, Consultant for the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Professor of Medicine and Associate Professor of Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine speaks about ACC 2021 - Late-Breaking Clinic Science - Effect of CYP2C19 Genotype on Ischemic Outcomes During Oral P2Y12 Inhibitor Therapy: A Meta-Analysis.

Link to Abstract:
https://www.jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jcin.2021.01.024

 Summary

The aim of this research was to compare the effects of ticagrelor or prasugrel versus clopidogrel treatment on clinical results in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who were primarily treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Background: The impact of CYP2C19 genotype on ticagrelor or prasugrel patient results relative to clopidogrel is unknown.

Methods: Experiments comparing the effects of CYP2C19 genotype on ischemic results during ticagrelor or prasugrel versus clopidogrel therapy were scanned through February 19, 2020. Results for CYP2C19 genotype status, clopidogrel, and alternative P2Y12 inhibitors in patients with CAD with at least 50% undergoing PCI are expected for study eligibility. The main focus of the study was on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Non-RCTs are added to the main analysis as a supplementary analysis. Cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, stent thrombosis, and extreme chronic ischemia were the main outcomes. To analyze the two-drug regimens and assess the relationship with the CYP2C19 genotype, a meta-analysis was performed.

Seven RCTs were found among the 1,335 studies found (15,949 patients, mean age 62 years; 77 percent had PCI, 98 percent had acute coronary syndromes). The probability of prejudice was poor, and statistical variability was small. When ticagrelor and prasugrel were linked to clopidogrel, there was a substantial decrease in ischemic incidents (relative risk: 0.70; 95 percent confidence interval: 0.59 to 0.83) in CYP2C19 loss-of-function carriers but not in noncarriers (relative risk: 0.70; 95 percent confidence interval: 0.59 to 0.83). (relative risk: 1.0; 95 percent confidence interval: 0.80 to 1.25). The association test on the basis of CYP2C19 genotype status was statistically significant (p = 0.013), implying that the genotype of CYP2C19 altered the effect. Four further observational experiments were discovered, and when they were used in the study, the results were the same (p-value of the interaction test 0.001).

Conclusions: The role of ticagrelor or prasugrel in minimizing ischemic events in patients with CAD who specifically experience PCI is dependent on the existence of CYP2C19 loss-of-function carrier status when opposed to clopidogrel. These findings back up genetic tests before administering P2Y12 inhibitors.